Gram Negative CoccobacilliĪ coccobacillus is a type of bacterium with a shape intermediate between cocci and bacilli, i.e., they are very short rods that may be mistaken for cocci. They are rarely the sole or predominant organism in sputum smears of patients with pneumonia. catarrhalis also causes exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic bronchitis in elderly patients. catarrhalis can cause pneumonia, especially in patients with alcoholism or chronic obstructive lung disease. M.catarrhalis causes acute, localized infections such as sinusitis, bronchopneumonia, and life-threatening, systemic diseases including endocarditis and meningitis. Moraxella catarrhalis, a gram-negative diplococcus, is an exclusively human pathogen and is a common cause of otitis media in infants and children. Disseminated gonococcal diseases are pelvic inflammatory disease, bacteremia, arthritis, and metastatic infections at other body sites. Other localized conditions include pharyngitis, anorectal infection, and conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum). Genital infections include purulent urethritis in males and cervicitis in females. It is a urogenital pathogen that is transmitted by sexual contact. Less common infections include conjunctivitis, pneumonia, and sinusitis. Bacteremia leads to thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and shock. Meningitis may be accompanied by the appearance of petechiae (rash) associated with meningococcal bacteremia (i.e.,meningococemia). ![]() It is a leading cause of fatal bacterial meningitis. meningitidis (Meningococci) is a gram-negative, nonsporeforming diplococcus. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gram-negative diplococci) N.meningitidis
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